To reproduce: use the following code snippet:
Sub New()
    InitializeComponent()

    Me.RadGridView1.EnableFiltering = True
    Me.RadGridView1.ShowHeaderCellButtons = True

    Dim dt As New DataTable
    dt.Columns.Add("Id", GetType(Integer))
    dt.Columns.Add("Name", GetType(String))
    dt.Columns.Add("Type", GetType(String))
    dt.Columns.Add("Active", GetType(Boolean))

    Dim typeList As New List(Of String)
    typeList.Add("REFERRAL")
    typeList.Add("EMPLOYEE")
    typeList.Add("Type3")
    typeList.Add("Type4")

    Dim rand As New Random
    For index = 1 To 10
        dt.Rows.Add(index, "Name" & index, typeList(rand.Next(0, typeList.Count)),If(index mod 2=0, True,false))
    Next

    Me.RadGridView1.AutoGenerateColumns = False
    Dim decimalColumn As New GridViewDecimalColumn("ID")
    decimalColumn.FieldName = "Id"
    RadGridView1.MasterTemplate.Columns.Add(decimalColumn)

    Dim textBoxColumn As New GridViewTextBoxColumn("Name")
    textBoxColumn.FieldName = "Name"
    RadGridView1.MasterTemplate.Columns.Add(textBoxColumn)

    Dim supplierColumn As GridViewComboBoxColumn = New GridViewComboBoxColumn("Type")
    supplierColumn.FieldName = "Type"
    supplierColumn.DataSource = typeList
    Me.RadGridView1.Columns.Add(supplierColumn)

    Dim checkBoxColumn As New GridViewCheckBoxColumn("Active")
    checkBoxColumn.FieldName = "Active"
    RadGridView1.MasterTemplate.Columns.Add(checkBoxColumn)

    Me.RadGridView1.DataSource = dt
    Me.RadGridView1.AutoSizeColumnsMode = GridViewAutoSizeColumnsMode.Fill

End Sub

Private Sub RadButton1_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles RadButton1.Click

    Dim activeFilter As New FilterDescriptor()
    activeFilter.PropertyName = "Active"
    activeFilter.Operator = FilterOperator.IsEqualTo
    activeFilter.Value = True

    Dim typeFilter As New CompositeFilterDescriptor()
    typeFilter.FilterDescriptors.Add(New FilterDescriptor("Type", FilterOperator.IsEqualTo, "EMPLOYEE"))
    typeFilter.FilterDescriptors.Add(New FilterDescriptor("Type", FilterOperator.IsEqualTo, "REFERRAL"))
    typeFilter.LogicalOperator = FilterLogicalOperator.Or

    Dim overallFilterDescriptor As New CompositeFilterDescriptor()
    'overallFilterDescriptor.PropertyName = "Type"
    'overallFilterDescriptor.IsFilterEditor = True

    overallFilterDescriptor.FilterDescriptors.Add(typeFilter)
    overallFilterDescriptor.FilterDescriptors.Add(activeFilter)
    overallFilterDescriptor.LogicalOperator = FilterLogicalOperator.And

    Me.RadGridView1.FilterDescriptors.Add(overallFilterDescriptor)
End Sub


Run the project and click the button. You will see that the filter button is not orange indicating that there is applied filter. Additionally, the "Clear filter" option is disabled and the user is not allowed to see the entire data any more.

Workaround: set the overall CompositeFilterDescriptor.PropertyName to a specific column and the IsFilterEditor property to true. Thus, you will be allowed to clear the filter from this column.