The Slider Component should support defining a largetStep value, in addition to the smallStep input which is already available. The jQuery Slider supports a similar behavior: https://demos.telerik.com/kendo-ui/slider/events.
The "largeStep" property has been added in v3.0.0 of the "@progress/kendo-angular-inputs" package. Documentation available at: https://www.telerik.com/kendo-angular-ui/components/inputs/slider/predefined-steps/#toc-large-steps